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| Growth Involving Incisura and Lesser Curvature of Stomach |
Explain the T staging (Primary Tumour) for Gastric Ca. (Tis, T1, T2, T3, T4)
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| Layers of Stomach Wall(Source: Cancer.Org) |
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor |
| Tis | Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria |
| T1 | Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa |
| T1a | Tumor invades lamina propria or muscularis mucosae |
| T1b | Tumor invades submucosa |
| T2 | Tumor invades muscularis propria |
| T3 | Tumor penetrates subserosal connective tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures |
| T4 | Tumor invades serosa (visceral peritoneum) or adjacent structures |
| T4a | Tumor invades serosa (visceral peritoneum) |
| T4b | Tumor invades adjacent structures |
Explain the N staging in Gastric Cancer
| NX | Regional lymph node(s) cannot be assessed |
| N0 | No regional lymph node metastasis |
| N1 | Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes |
| N2 | Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes |
| N3 | Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes |
| N3a | Metastasis in 7-15 regional lymph nodes |
| N3b | Metastasis in 16 or more regional lymph nodes |
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| Growth Involving Incisura and Lesser Curvature of Stomach |
What are various risk factors for Gastric Cancer?
- Age
- Ethnicity
- Geography
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Stomach lymphoma
- Diet
- Tobacco use
- Being overweight or obese
- Previous stomach surgery
- Pernicious anemia
- Menetrier disease (hypertrophic gastropathy)
- Type A blood
- A family history of stomach cancer
- Adenomatous polyps
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection
- Workers in the coal, metal, and rubber industries
- Common variable immune deficiency (CVID)
- Inherited Cancer Syndromes
Name various Inherited cancer syndromes which increase the risk of getting a Gastric Ca.
- Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer
- Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)
- Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
- BRCA1 and BRCA2
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS)
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